Joint Council on Constitutional Justice (JCCJ)
The Venice Commission of the Council of Europe established the Joint Council on Constitutional Justice (JCCJ) to steer the cooperation with the constitutional courts and equivalent bodies and to inform them about its activities in the field of constitutional justice.
21st meeting of the JCCJ - Yerevan, November 2024
The JCCJ shapes the tools provided by the Venice Commission, which enable the exchange of information and cross-fertilisation between courts. These tools are the e-Bulletin on Constitutional Case-Law, the CODICES database and the Venice Forum. Upon request by the constitutional courts, the Venice Commission provides amicus curiae briefs.
The JCCJ is composed of members of the Venice Commission and the liaison officers, appointed by the constitutional courts. The JCCJ has a double presidency, which means that its meetings are co-chaired. One of the chairs is a member of the Venice Commission, elected by the Commission at a plenary session, and the other is a liaison officer, elected by the liaison officers during the meetings of the JCCJ. The mandates of the two co-chairs run for two years each.
The JCCJ meets once a year, at the invitation of one of the participating courts.
All the Venice Commission member States, observer states and states or entities with special cooperation status (notably South Africa, Palestine*), as well as the European Court of Human Rights, the Court of Justice of the European Union and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights participate in the JCCJ as well.
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*This designation shall not be construed as recognition of a State of Palestine and is without prejudice to the individual positions of Council of Europe member States on this issue.
Useful links:
- Brochure "Venice Commission: Cooperation with Constitutional Courts"
- Co-operation with Constitutional Courts participating in the Joint Council on Constitutional Justice of the Venice Commission - Functions of Liaison Officers
- Co-operation with Constitutional Courts in countries not part of the Venice Commission - Functions of Liaison Officers
Mini-conferences on Constitutional Justice
The meetings of the JCCJ are generally followed by a “mini-conference” on a topic in the field of constitutional justice, chosen by the liaison officers during which they present the relevant case-law of their courts.
The most recent mini-conferences on constitutional justice:
- Measures taken by States in response to the COVID-19 crisis and their impact on constitutional justice – constitutional case-law on emergency situations (2023, Sofia, Bulgaria)
- Independence of the judiciary, the role of Constitutional Courts" (2019, Rome, Italy)
- Gender, equality and discrimination (2018, Lausanne, Switzerland)
- Courageous courts: security, xenophobia and fundamental rights (2017, Karlsruhe, Germany)
- Migration (2016, Venice, Italy)
- Blasphemy and other limitations on the freedom of expression (2015, Bucharest, Romania)
Cooperation with Regional and Linguistic Groups
The Venice Commission cooperates closely with several regional or language-based groups of constitutional courts. The purpose of this cooperation is to strengthen the court members of the groups in their task of safeguarding the supremacy of their constitutions.
By virtue of cooperation agreements with the Venice Commission, courts members of these groups are able to contribute their case-law to the CODICES database and the groups are represented in the JCCJ.
Membership in these groups as well as direct participation in the work of the JCCJ entitles the courts to become members of the World Conference on Constitutional Justice (WCCJ). In this context, the Venice Commission also cooperates with apex courts in the Commonwealth / Common Law countries.
Useful links:
- Resolution of the Circle of Presidents of the XIVth Conference on co-operation with the Venice Commission
- Presidency of the CECC - Republic of Moldova - XIXth Congress 2024
- Previous presidency: Czech Republic - XVIIIth Congress 2021
Useful links:
- Agreement between the Association of Constitutional Courts using the French language (ACCPUF) and the European Commission for Democracy through Law of the Council of Europe
- Protocol to the Vaduz Agreement of 30 April 1999 between the Association of Constitutional Courts using the French Language (ACCPUF) and the European Commission for Democracy through Law (Venice Commission)
Useful links:
- Constitution of the SEACJF
- Co-operation agreement between the SEACJF and the Venice Commission
- Previous activities in the context of the cooperation with the SEACJF
Useful link:
Useful link:
- Co-operation agreement between the Venice Commission and the UACCC in English and Arabic
- Conference of Constitutional Jurisdictions of the Portuguese-Speaking Countries (CJCPLP)
Useful link:
- Co-operation agreement between the CJCPLP and the Venice Commission in English and Portuguese
Useful link:
- Co-operation agreement in English, Portuguese and Spanish
Useful link:
- Co-operation agreement between the Conference of Constitutional Jurisdictions of Africa and the Venice Commission in English and French
- Association of Asian Constitutional Courts and Equivalent Institutions (AACC)
Useful links:
- AACC Statute
- Co-operation agreement between the Association of Asian Constitutional Courts and Equivalent Institutions and the Venice Commission
While there is no formal agreement between the Venice Commission and Commonwealth Courts, the then President of the Venice Commission, Mr Jan E. Helgesen, extended an offer of co-operation also to apex courts in Commonwealth countries at the occasion of the 1st Congress of the World Conference on Constitutional Justice in Cape Town on 22–24 January 2009.
Therefore, the highest Courts in independent Commonwealth countries were invited to all three Congresses of the World Conference and they are entitled to membership in the World Conference according to Articles 2 and 4 of the Statute.
The Commonwealth Courts are also invited to appoint liaison officers whose task it is to contribute to the CODICES database and to exchange with other Courts via the Venice Forum.
As there is no formal group of Commonwealth Courts, the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom or the Constitutional Court of Canada have participated in the Bureau of the WCCJ in respect of these Courts.
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Democracy through Law