• 1. Albania, Constitutional Court
  • 2. Algeria, Constitutional Council
  • 3. Andorra, Constitutional Court
  • 4. Angola, Constitutional Court
  • 5. Armenia, Constitutional Court
  • 6. Australia, High Court
  • 7. Austria, Constitutional Court
  • 8. Azerbaijan, Constitutional Court
  • 9. Bahrain, Constitutional Court
  • 10. Belarus, Constitutional Court
  • 11. Belgium, Constitutional Court
  • 12. Benin, Constitutional Court
  • 13. Bosnia and Herzegovina,
    Constitutional Court
  • 14. Brazil, Federal Supreme Court
  • 15. Bulgaria, Constitutional Court
  • 16. Burkina Faso, Constitutional Council
  • 17. Burundi, Constitutional Court
  • 18. Cambodia, Constitutional Council
  • 19. Cameroon, Constitutional Council
  • 20. Canada, Supreme Court
  • 21. Cape Verde, Constitutional Court
  • 22. Central African Republic,
    Constitutional Court
  • 23. Chad, Supreme Court
  • 24. Chile, Constitutional Court
  • 25. Colombia, Constitutional Court
  • 26. Comoros, Supreme Court
  • 27. Congo (Brazzaville), Constitutional Court
  • 28. Congo, Democratic Republic,
    Constitutional Court
  • 29. Costa Rica, Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court
  • 30. Côte d'Ivoire, Constitutional Council
  • 31. Croatia, Constitutional Court
  • 32. Cyprus, Supreme Court
  • 33. Czechia, Constitutional Court
  • 34. Denmark, Supreme Court
  • 35. Djibouti, Constitutional Council
  • 36. Dominican Republic, Constitutional Court
  • 37. Ecuador
  • 38. Egypt, Supreme Constitutional Court
  • 39. Equatorial Guinea, Constitutional Court
  • 40. Estonia, Supreme Court
  • 41. Eswatini, Supreme Court
  • 42. Ethiopia, Council of Constitutional Inquiry
  • 43. Finland, Supreme Administrative Court
  • 44. Finland, Supreme Court
  • 45. France, Constitutional Council
  • 46. Gabon, Constitutional Court
  • 47. Georgia, Constitutional Court
  • 48. Germany, Federal Constitutional Court
  • 49. Ghana, Supreme Court
  • 50. Guinea, Constitutional Court
  • 51. Guinea-Bissau, Supreme Court of Justice
  • 52. Hungary, Constitutional Court
  • 53. India, Supreme Court
  • 54. Indonesia, Constitutional Court
  • 55. Iraq, Federal Supreme Court
  • 56. Ireland, Supreme Court
  • 57. Israel, Supreme Court
  • 58. Italy, Constitutional Court
  • 59. Jordan, Constitutional Court
  • 60. Kazakhstan, Constitutional Court
  • 61. Kenya, Supreme Court
  • 62. Korea, Republic, Constitutional Court
  • 63. Kosovo, Constitutional Court
  • 64. Kuwait, Constitutional Court
  • 65. Kyrgyzstan, Constitutional Court
  • 66. Latvia, Constitutional Court
  • 67. Lebanon, Constitutional Council
  • 68. Liechtenstein, Constitutional Court 
  • 69. Lithuania, Constitutional Court 
  • 70. Luxembourg, Constitutional Court
  • 71. Madagascar, High Constitutional Court
  • 72. Malawi, Supreme Court
  • 73. Malaysia, Federal Court
  • 74. Mali, Constitutional Court
  • 75. Mauritania, Constitutional Council
  • 76. Mauritius, Supreme Court
  • 77. Mexico,
    Electoral Court of the Federal Judiciary
  • 78. Mexico, Supreme Court
  • 79. Moldova, Constitutional Court
  • 80. Monaco, Supreme Court
  • 81. Mongolia, Constitutional Court
  • 82. Montenegro, Constitutional Court
  • 83. Morocco, Constitutional Court
  • 84. Mozambique, Constitutional Council
  • 85. Namibia, Supreme Court
  • 86. Netherlands, Council of State
  • 87. Netherlands, Supreme Court
  • 88. Nicaragua, Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court
  • 89. Niger, Constitutional Court
  • 90. North Macedonia, Constitutional Court
  • 91. Norway, Supreme Court
  • 92. Pakistan, Supreme Court
  • 93. Palestine*, Supreme Constitutional Court
  • 94. Panama, Supreme Court
  • 95. Peru, Constitutional Court
  • 96. Poland, Constitutional Tribunal
  • 97. Portugal, Constitutional Court
  • 98. Romania, Constitutional Court
  • 99. Samoa, Supreme Court
  • 100. São Tomé and Príncipe, Supreme Court / Constitutional Court
  • 101. Senegal, Constitutional Council
  • 102. Serbia, Constitutional Court
  • 103. Seychelles, Supreme Court
  • 104. Slovakia, Constitutional Court
  • 105. Slovenia, Constitutional Court
  • 106. Somalia, Supreme Court
  • 107. South Africa, Constitutional Court
  • 108. Spain, Constitutional Court
  • 109. Sweden, Supreme Administrative Court
  • 110. Sweden, Supreme Court
  • 111. Switzerland, Federal Court
  • 112.Tajikistan, Constitutional Court
  • 113. Tanzania, Court of Appeal
  • 114. Thailand, Constitutional Court
  • 115. The Gambia, Supreme Court
  • 116. Togo, Constitutional Court
  • 117. Türkiye, Constitutional Court
  • 118. Uganda, Supreme Court
  • 119. Ukraine, Constitutional Court
  • 120. Uzbekistan, Constitutional Court
  • 121. Zambia, Supreme Court
  • 122. Zimbabwe, Constitutional Court

*This designation shall not be construed as recognition of a State of Palestine and is without prejudice to the individual positions of Council of Europe member States on this issue.

European Commission for
Democracy through Law