Series of webinars on xenophobia and racism online
As technological, commercial and economic developments bring everyone closer together, racial and xenophobic hatred and related forms of intolerance continue to exist in our societies, and further proliferate in cyberspace. Acts of such nature constitute a violation of human rights and a threat to the rule of law and democratic stability, but also they open the door to terrorism, violent extremism and even genocide. Continued efforts and high vigilance are needed to build and maintain strong safeguards against both persisting and new forms of racism and intolerance.
The Council of Europe, already leading the fight against cybercrime and other crimes entailing electronic evidence thanks to the Convention on Cybercrime (2001), in 2003 introduced a protocol to extend its successful system of international co-operation to combat xenophobia and racism online. The First Additional Protocol to the Convention on Cybercrime, concerning the criminalisation of acts of a racist and xenophobic nature committed through computer systems was opened for signature on 28 January 2003.
In the context of the 20th anniversary of the First Additional Protocol to the Convention on Cybercrime, a series of webinars on xenophobia and racism online is planned in the framework of the Councill of Europe's Octopus Project.
Webinar 1: Webinar on good practices and challenges in addressing xenophobia and racism committed online
The purpose of the first webinar was to encourage states and non-state actors to reflect on and share their experiences of addressing xenophobia and racism committed online, challenges faced, and ways of overcoming these challenges.
The following topics were discussed:
- Specialised units for dealing with the problem of online hate speech and hate crime offences
- Reporting mechanisms for unlawful content
- Extending the scope of criminalisation
- Cooperation and Harmonisation
Speakers
- Nina Lichtner, Programme Manager, Octopus Project, Council of Europe
- Jan Kralik, Programme Manager, Cybercrime Division, Council of Europe
- Prof. Alexander Brown, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom
- Patricia Rodríguez Lastras, Senior Prosecutor, Cybercrime Unit, General Prosecutor’s Office, Spain
- Xavier Leonetti, Magistrate, Head of the Cybercrime Office, Ministry of Justice, France
- Eric Meerkamper, Montreal Institute for Genocide and Human Rights Studies
- Milla Vidina, Policy Officer, EQUINET - European Network of Equality Bodies
- Menno Ettema, Programme Manager Anti-Discrimination Department and Co-secretariat to former Expert Committee on Combating Hate Speech, Council of Europe
- Melissa Garcia Blagitz, Federal Prosecution Service, Brazil
- Jenna Omassi, Ofcom, United Kingdom
- Martin Drechsler, Managing Director, FSM - Association for Voluntary Self-Regulation of Digital Media Service Providers
- Jamie Brown, Secretariat to the Committee of Experts on Hate Crime, Council of Europe
- Alexander Seger, Executive Secretary of Cybercrime Convention Committee and Head of Cybercrime Division, Council of Europe
Date & hour
- 15 December 2022 / 14h00-16h15 CET
Duration & Language
- 2h15min / English
Participants
- Participation in the webinar was open to representatives from Parties to the Convention on Cybercrime and Observers to the Cybercrime Convention Committee, but also other specially invited stakeholders.
Agenda
Webinar 2: Strengthening the capacities of criminal justice authorities on addressing xenophobia and racism committed online
The purpose of the second webinar was to underline the relevance of the Protocol and to encourage participants to reflect on and share their experiences of (1) navigating the intersection of freedom of expression and an effective fight against acts of a racist and xenophobic nature online (2) addressing the challenges of domestic law faced when considering becoming a Party to the Protocol and implementing it (3) taking measures that are complementary to the implementation of the Protocol.
The following topics were discussed:
- Navigating the intersection of freedom of expression and hate speech
- Navigating the challenges of domestic law and reservations in addressing online xenophobia and racism
- Going beyond the First Additional Protocol
Speakers
- Nina Lichtner, Programme Manager, Octopus Project, Council of Europe
- Jan Kralik, Programme Manager, Cybercrime Division, Council of Europe
- Ireneusz Kondak, European Court of Human Rights
- Chara Bakalis, Oxford Brookes, University - Legislating for online hate speech
- Eirik Trønnes Hansen, Senior Adviser National Criminal Investigation Service Norway Legal and Prosecution Unit, Norway - Norway's experience navigating the challenges of domestic law and reservations in addressing online xenophobia and racism
- María Rún Bjarnadóttir, Director for Internet Safety, National Commissioner of Police, Iceland
- Antonio Segovia, Director of the International Cooperation and Extraditions Unit (UCIEX), Public Prosecutor's Office, Chile
- Louisa Klingvall, European Commission - Directorate General Justice and Consumers Unit C.2 Fundamental Rights Policy
- Alexander Brown, Associate Professor, University of East Anglia
- Yoni Dekker, Ministry of Justice and Security of Netherlands
- Other speakers (TBC)
Date & hour
- 28 February 2023 / 14h00–16h30 CET
Duration & Language
- 2h30min / English
Participants
- The webinar welcomed a wide range of participants with interest and experience in tackling online racism and xenophobia. This includes representatives from States Parties to the Convention on Cybercrime and Observers to the Cybercrime Convention Committee, but also other stakeholders.
- The webinar was held remotely in English via the video-conferencing platform Zoom, provided by the Council of Europe. Registration so as to receive the link to attend the second webinar is now closed.
Resources
- Council of Europe: Additional Protocol to the Convention on Cybercrime concerning the criminalisation of acts of a racist and xenophobic nature committed through computer systems (January 2003)
- Council of Europe video: First Additional Protocol explained: EN | FR | ES
- Cybercrime Convention Committee (T-CY): Mapping Study on Cyberviolence (July 2018)
- Council of Europe: Cyberviolence portal
- Council of Europe: Study on good practices on the implementation of the First Additional Protocol (coming soon)
- Council of Europe: Podcast on the First Additional Protocol to the Convention on Cybercrime (coming soon)
- Council of Europe: Recommendation of the Committee of Ministers to member States on combating hate speech (CM/Rec(2022)16) and its Explanatory Memorandum (May 2022)
- Council of Europe: Leaflet on CM/Rec(2022)16 on combating hate speech (November 2022)
- European Court of Human Rights: Thematic factsheet on hate speech (December 2022)
- Council of Europe: Thematic factsheet on hate speech by the Department of Execution of Judgements of the European Court of Human Rights (December 2022)
- Council of Europe: Mapping of national responses to hate speech
- Council of Europe/European Court of Human Rights (January 2023): Thematic factsheet on hate speech
- Council of Europe: Recommendation of the Committee of Ministers to member States on combating hate crime (ongoing work)
- European Commission: The EU Code of conduct on countering illegal hate speech online (2016)
- European Commission: Information provided by the IT companies about measures taken to counter hate speech, including their actions to automatically detect content (November 2022)
- European Commission: Factsheet – 7th monitoring round of the Code of Conduct (December 2022)